Water is an inorganic, transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance, which is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of most living organisms. It is vital for all known forms of life, even though it provides no calories or organic nutrients. Its chemical formula is H2O, meaning that each of its molecules contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms, connected by covalent bonds. Water is the name of the liquid state of H2O at standard ambient temperature and pressure. It forms precipitation in the form of rain and aerosols in the form of fog. Clouds are formed from suspended droplets of water and ice, its solid state. When finely divided, crystalline ice may precipitate in the form of snow. The gaseous state of water is steam or water vapor. Water moves continually through the water cycle of evaporation, transpiration (evapotranspiration), condensation, precipitation, and runoff, usually reaching the sea.

Apple cider vinegar, or cider vinegar, is a vinegar made from fermented apple juice, and used in salad dressings, marinades, vinaigrettes, food preservatives, and chutneys. It is made by crushing apples, then squeezing out the juice. Bacteria and yeast are added to the liquid to start the alcoholic fermentation process, which converts the sugars to alcohol. In a second fermentation step, the alcohol is converted into vinegar by acetic acid-forming bacteria (Acetobacter species). Acetic acid and malic acid combine to give vinegar its sour taste. Apple cider vinegar has no medicinal or nutritional value. There is no high-quality clinical evidence that regular consumption of apple cider vinegar helps to maintain or lose body weight, or is effective to manage blood glucose and lipid levels.

Vermicelli rice noodles are very thin noodles made from rice flour and water, commonly used in East and Southeast Asian cuisine. They are delicate, absorb flavors well, and can be used in a variety of dishes like soups, salads, and stir-fries. They should not be confused with Italian-style vermicelli pasta or with cellophane noodles (glass noodles), which are made from starches like mung bean.

Chinese long beans, also known as yardlong beans or snake beans, are long, slender legumes (related to black-eyed peas) with a mildly sweet, grassy flavor, used widely in Asian cooking for stir-fries, curries, and soups, valued for their crisp texture and ability to hold up well in cooking. They can grow very long (up to a yard) but are best harvested when pencil-thin, and unlike regular green beans, they are stringless and have a unique delicate taste. Key characteristics Appearance: Very long (up to 3 feet), thin, cylindrical green pods with smooth skin. Flavor: Grassy, slightly sweet, and earthier than common green beans, pairing well with strong spices. Texture: Tender and crisp when young, remaining firm even after cooking, with no strings. Botanical Family: A type of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis). How to use them Preparation: Trim the dry ends, then chop into 2-3 inch lengths. Cooking: Excellent in stir-fries, curries, and deep-fried dishes. Note: Don't overcook to avoid mushiness; they are great reheated. Where to find them Asian markets, farmers' markets, and some supermarkets, often available year-round.

A vanilla pod is the fruit of the vanilla orchid, a long, dark, and wrinkled bean that contains thousands of tiny seeds. It is a prized ingredient for its sweet, fragrant flavor, which is created through a labor-intensive, multi-step curing process that transforms the green, unscented pods into the aromatic spice used in baking and cooking.

. White cornmeal is a coarse flour made from dried white corn kernels, and its main uses include making dishes like cornbread, muffins, and polenta. Unlike yellow cornmeal, it has a milder, more subtle flavor and is often preferred for savory dishes, though it can be used in sweet recipes as well. Usage examples Baked goods: Ideal for Southern-style cornbread, corn muffins, and corn sticks, where its mild flavor allows other ingredients to stand out. It can also be used in desserts like pound cake for an earthier taste. Thickening agent: Use it to thicken soups, chili, or gravies. Breading and coating: Acts as a coating for fried or baked foods, providing a crispy texture. Latin American cuisine: It is a key ingredient in dishes like arepas, tamales, and some types of tortillas, especially when pre-cooked (masarepa or masa harina). Porridge: A popular base for porridge, such as Jamaican cornmeal porridge, where it is often cooked with milk and spices. Characteristics Flavor: Has a subtle, delicate flavor compared to the more robust taste of yellow cornmeal. Texture: Varies from a coarse meal to a finer flour, depending on how it's ground. Nutritional value: Retains the nutritional benefits of the whole kernel, including fiber, as it's made from the entire grain. Color: The color comes from the white maize kernels it is made from.

"Sardine" and "pilchard" are common names that refer to various small, oily forage fish in the herring family Clupeidae. The term "sardine" was first used in English during the early 15th century and may come from the Mediterranean island of Sardinia, around which sardines were once abundant.

Water is an inorganic, transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance, which is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of most living organisms. It is vital for all known forms of life, even though it provides no calories or organic nutrients. Its chemical formula is H2O, meaning that each of its molecules contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms, connected by covalent bonds. Water is the name of the liquid state of H2O at standard ambient temperature and pressure. It forms precipitation in the form of rain and aerosols in the form of fog. Clouds are formed from suspended droplets of water and ice, its solid state. When finely divided, crystalline ice may precipitate in the form of snow. The gaseous state of water is steam or water vapor. Water moves continually through the water cycle of evaporation, transpiration (evapotranspiration), condensation, precipitation, and runoff, usually reaching the sea.